• 专利附录
  • 专利说明
  • 权利要求
  • 类似技术
  • 同族专利
  • 引用文献
  • 法律状态
  • 优先权
    • 专利摘要:
    A gold sorting plant in which the gold content of lumps of ore is measured by means of a neutron activation analytical technique. Separate lumps of gold ore are graded in two sizes which are presented to an irradiator such as to irradiate them uniformly. The energized lumps of ore are conveyed to an analyzer/sorter station where the intensity of gamma -rays having an energy of 297 KeV from each lump of ore is measured, and it is accepted or rejected for further processing. Various forms of irradiator and analyzer/sorter are described.
    公开号:SU1255037A3
    申请号:SU823451129
    申请日:1982-06-09
    公开日:1986-08-30
    发明作者:Джоффи Клейтон Колин；Стэкмен Рэмон
    申请人:Юнайтед Кингдом Атомик Энерджи Осорити (Фирма)；
    IPC主号:
    专利说明:

    The invention relates to measuring the gold content in gold ore, as well as to sorting individual pieces of gold ore in accordance with the gold content.
    The aim of the invention is to increase productivity and uniformity of activation.
    On Fig, 1 shows schematically part of a device for sorption of ore; in FIG. 2 - channel detection point; in FIG. 3 - part of the device according to the second embodiment; in FIG. 4 the same, according to the third option.
    For a gold sorting device, a prerequisite is the ability to process several tons of ore per hour. Therefore, it must use a very fast analyzing technique. A suitable technique for analysis is a neutron activation system using the reaction , 97 Au (n, n'jj '^^ Au to activate the' gold present in each piece of ore, followed by measuring the intensity of the obtained gamma rays having an energy of 297 keV and period half-life of 7.8 s. It is necessary to ensure a high yield of 197 w Au isotope nuclei and uniform activation of ore pieces, i.e. each piece of the same grade (total gold content / mass) has the same specific activity (total mass 19Tt Ai-cores / mass).
    A device for sorting pieces of gold ore in accordance with the gold content therein includes a means for irradiating the pieces of ore with neutrons, a means for measuring the intensity of gamma rays having an energy of 297 keV resulting from a nuclear reaction (9Trn Au (nn, n'j ) Wm Au, and means responsive to the measured intensity of gamma rays from a given piece py dy 2 ® designed for sorting lumps of ore, wherein the means for irradiation with neutrons ore pieces comprises a high neutron accelerator in the form of a tube, pre 25, desig chenny to generate at least 10 w 1 with neutrons with energies less than 4.5 MeV, and means for = fittings ore lumps under neutrons ensuring uniform obluZCh cheniya neutrons ore pieces.
    As shown in FIG. 1, a neutron beam 1 from a high-voltage accelerator 2 passes along a transport tube 3 and hits a target 4 (generator) made of 5 titanium deuteride (TiDg). Symmetrically with respect to the neutron transport tube 3 and target 4, there are three vertical cylinders 5, 6 and 7 with the possibility of rotation relative to their longitudinal axes by means of electric motors (not shown). The axis of rotation of cylinder 5 is located on the flight path of neutron beam 1. The diameter of cylinder 5 is approximately 15 times 1.5 times greater than that of cylinders 6 and 7. Before feeding to cylinders 5,6 and 7, the ore pieces are sorted into two sizes, with large into cylinder 5, and less into cylinders 20 and 7,
    50% of the ore passing through the device goes through cylinder 5, and 25% through each of cylinders 6 and 7. The feed and output speeds of 25 from cylinders 5,6 and 7 are chosen so that each piece of ore crosses a region of high neutron field intensity same integer number of times. For example, if the length of the target 4 is 11. cm (parallel to the axis of the cylinders 5.6 and 7), then the linear velocity of the ore pieces through the cylinders 5.6 and 7 will be 5.5 cm / s in two full passages of the pieces of rock through neutron field.
    The control of the output of pieces of ore from the cylinders 5,6 and 7, which is the main characteristic to maintain a uniform level of activation of 40 gold in the pieces of ore, is provided by stabilizing feeders (vibrators) 8 at the output end of each of the cylinders 5,6 and 7.
    After exiting the cylinders 5,6 and 45, the irradiated pieces of ore are carried out on three conveyance belts 9 to a detection and sorting point containing measuring channels (Fig. 2). In practice, twelve such channels are used to quickly measure the activity of irradiated pieces of ore required due to the short half-life of '97> l Au. four on each transportiro- 55 paid-tape 9. Each channel consists of a castor wheel 10 with a circumference divided into fifty compartments I 1. Each compartment 11 is provided with an associated scintillation radiation detector 12. The radiation detectors 12 are separated lead screens 13 so that a piece of ore in one compartment 11 cannot affect the measurement of the activity of a piece of ore in another compartment) 1. Between each of the wheels 10 are also placed lead shields. Pieces of ore are located near the detectors 12 by means of a clamping belt 14, which also serves as a conveyor belt supplying the pieces of ore after analysis to the receiving-reflecting circuit 15, which leads the ore to two other conveyor belts 16 and 17.
    An electronic measuring element 18 is connected to each detector 12, the output signals from which are supplied to the slip ring 19 located in the center of the wheel 10, from where they are supplied to an electromagnetic exciter (not shown), intended. to excite a simple gate valve 20 in the receiving-reflecting circuit 15.
    According to the second embodiment (Fig. 3), the neutron transport tube 3 is installed vertically, and the target 4 is horizontal. The cylinders 57 are replaced by two identical supply channels 21 horizontally opposite each other. Pieces of ore are fed into the supply channels 21 from individual feeders so that smaller stones fall to the bottom in the region of the highest neutron field intensity. As a result, despite the fact that the neutron field is not uniform, an almost uniform activation of Au nuclei is obtained. After activation, the pieces of ore are poured in portions by means of the control flap 22 into the holding chamber 23, from where they are poured by the second control flap 24.
    The velocity of pieces of rock through a region of maximum neutron field is selected such that the velocity of generation of nuclei isotope 19 'm Au was maximal. Using two opposing feed channels doubles productivity compared to using one channel.
    5 1
    From the holding chamber 23, pieces of ore pass to a detection station similar to that described above.
    A holding chamber 23 orders the flow of irradiated pieces of ore. The loss of the isotope nuclei , 97ni Au, occurring during ordering, is compensated by the choice of the dimensions of the holding chamber 23 at which further activation occurs in the weak neutron field in which it is located.
    According to the third embodiment (FIG. 4), the neutron transport tube 3 and the target 4 are located in the same way as in the device of FIG. 3, but horizontal feed channels 21. replaced by four vertical feed channels 25. Sized ore pieces10
    1255037 6 are made in two sizes. Smaller ore pieces are passed through internal feed channels 25 so that they undergo more intense neutron irradiation than larger ore pieces. The field gradient is taken into account in that the pieces of ore pass in the internal channels 25 at a higher speed than the pieces of ore passing in the external channels 25. The feed rates are stabilized by four vibrators 26, one fast and one slow on one side.
    If necessary, the device allows, during the detection phase, to contain pieces of ore of both sizes separately.
    FIG. 4
    权利要求:
    Claims (5)
    [1]
    one
    [2]
    2. The device according to claim 1, about tl and that the node supplying the pieces to the irradiation zone is made
    in the form of three vertical rotating cylinders with stabilizing feeders installed under them, the cylinders are located at the vertices of an isosceles triangle, and the first cylinder has a diameter 1.5 times the diameter of the second and third cylinders and is installed perpendicular to the neutron beam line thereto, the second and third cylinders are arranged symmetrically with the neutron beam around the elongated target,
    [3]
    3. The device according to claim 1, 1, and about 20 tons - and the fact that the node feeding the pieces into the irradiation zone is made
    in the form of at least one horizontal gutter, at the bottom of one
    The invention relates to the measurement of gold content in gold ore, and also to the sorting of individual pieces of gold bearing rock in accordance with the gold content.
    The aim of the invention is to increase the productivity and uniformity of activation.
    FIG. 1 shows schematically a portion of an ore sorting apparatus; in fig. 2 - channel of the detection point; in fig. 3-part of the device according to the second embodiment; in fig. 4 the same, according to the third option.
    For a gold sorting device, a prerequisite is the ability to process several tons of ore per hour. Therefore, it should use very fast analyzing technology. A suitable analysis technique is a neutron activation system using the (n, n) Au reaction to activate gold present in each piece of ore, followed by measuring the intensity of the resulting gamma rays with an energy of 297 keV and a half-life of 7.8 seconds. . It is necessary to secure the holding chamber with the upper and lower flaps, the elongated target being installed horizontally at the bottom of the groove of the holding chamber.
    [4]
    4, the apparatus according to claim 1, characterized in that the piece feeding unit is made in the form of at least one pair of vertical parallel 1X rectangular cross-section channels
    with installed; below them are stabilizing feeders, with the extended target being installed horizontally, parallel to the axes of the channel sections,
    [5]
    5. Popp device, 2 and 4, characterized in that the stabilizing feeders are made in the form of vibrating screens.
    a high level of the yield of the Au nuclear isotope and the uniformity of activation of the ore pieces, i.e. each piece of the same grade (total gold content / weight) has the same specific activity (total
    weight
    197 g
     Aider / mass).
    0
    A device for sorting pieces of gold ore in accordance with the gold content in them includes a means for the day of irradiating the pieces of ore with neutrons, a means for measuring the intensity of gamma rays,
     having an energy of 297 keV, obtained as a result of a nuclear reaction (nn, n j), and means, chuv. to measure the intensity of gamma rays from a given piece of ore, intended for sorting pieces of ore, in which the means for irradiating the pieces of ore with neutrons contains a high-voltage neutron accelerator in the form of a tube, designed to generate at least 10 neutrons per second with energy less than 4, 5 MeV, as well as a means for diving the ore chunks for neutrons, ensuring uniform irradiation of the ore chunks with neutrons.
    25
    3
    As shown in FIG. 1, the neutron beam 1 from the high-voltage accelerator 2 passes along the transport tube 3 and hits the target 4 (generator) made of titanium deuteride (TiDg). Symmetrically with respect to the neutron transport tube 3 and target 4, there are three vertical cylinders 5, 6 and 7 rotatably with respect to their longitudinal axes by means of electric motors (not shown). The axis of rotation of the cylinder 5 is on the neutron beam line 1. The diameter of the cylinder 5 is approximately 1.5 times more than that of cylinders and 7. Before serving on cylinders 5.6 and 7, the ore pieces are sorted into two sizes, with the larger ones being sent to cylinder 5, and smaller - to cylinders
    6 and 7.
    50% of the ore passing through the device goes through cylinder 5, and 25% each through cylinders 6 and 7. The feed and delivery rates of ore from cylinders 5, 6 and 7 are chosen so that each piece of ore intersects a region of high intensity neutron field same integer number of times. For example, if target 4 length is 1I. cm (parallel to the axis of the cylinders 5, 6 and 7), then the linear velocity of the pieces of ore through the cylinders 5, 6 and 7 will be 5.5 cm / s in two full passes of the rock through the field of neutrons.
    The control of the removal of pieces of ore from cylinders 5, 6 and 7, which is the main characteristic for maintaining a uniform level of activation of gold in pieces of ore, is ensured by stabilizing with 1 feeders (vibrators, rators) 8 at the output end of each of cylinders 5, 6 and 7 .
    After exiting the cylinders 5.6 and
    7 irradiated pieces of ore are carried away on three shipping tapes 9
    to the point of detection and sorting containing measuring channels (Fig. 2). In practice, twelve talsych channels, four for each conveyor belt 9, are used to quickly measure the activity of irradiated pieces of ore due to the short half-life. wheels 10 whose circumference is divided by
    ten
    fS
    20
    about
    2550374
    Fifty compartments I1. Each compartment 11 is associated with a scintillation radiation detector 12, radiation detectors 12 are separated by lead screens 13, so that a piece of ore in one compartment 11 cannot affect the measurement of the activity of a piece of ore in another compartment I1. wheels 10 also placed lead screens. The ore pieces are located near the detectors 12 by means of a pressure belt 14, which also serves as a transfer belt, feeding the ore pieces after their analysis to the receiving-reflection circuit 15, which leads the ore to two other transport belts 16 and 17,
    Each detector 12 is connected to an electronic measuring element 18, the output signals from which are fed to a slip ring 19 located in the center of the wheel 10, from where they come to an electromagnetic exciter (not shown) intended to excite a simple valve flap 20 in the receiver - reflective scheme 15,
    According to the second variant (Fig. 3), the neutron transport tube 3 is mounted vertically, and the target 4 is horizontal. Cylinders 5-7 are replaced by two identical feed channels 21 horizontally opposite each other. Pieces of ore are fed into feed channels 21 from individual feeders so that smaller stones fall to the bottom in the region of the greatest intensity of the neutron field. As a result, despite the fact that the neutron
    thirty
    35
    40
    the field is non-uniform, an almost uniform activation of the cores is obtained. After activation, pieces of ore are poured in portions by means of the control flap 22 into the holding chamber 23, from where they are poured out by the second control flap 24.
    The speed of movement of pieces of rock through the region of the maximum neutron field is chosen such that the rate of production of nuclear isotopes
     Ai was the maximum. The use of two opposing feed channels doubles the capacity compared to using one channel.
    five
    From the retaining chamber, 23 pieces of ore are passed to a detector point, similar to that described above.
    The holding chamber 23 arranges the flux of irradiated pieces of ore, the loss of the nucleus of the isotope, which occurs during the ordering, is compensated for by choosing the dimensions of the holding chamber 23 in which the further activation takes place in the weak neutron field in which it is located.
    According to the third variant (FIG. 4), the neutron transport tube 3 and the target 4 are arranged in the same way as in the device of FIG. 3, but more horizontally, the feed channels 2 are replaced by four vertical feed channels 25. Sorts of ore
    550376
    ru in two sizes. Smaller pieces of ore are passed through internal feed channels 25 so that they are subjected to more intense neutron irradiation than larger pieces of ore. The gradient of the floor is taken into account in that the ore pieces pass in the inner channels 25 at a higher speed than the ore pieces 10 pass in the outer channels 25. The feed rates are stabilized by four vibrators 26, one fast and one slow to one side.
    V
    if necessary, the device allows, during detection, to contain pieces of ore of both sizes separately,
    ;at
    15
    (Put. Z
    if
    25
    25
    (Rig. It
    Editor I. Rybchenko
    Compiled by And, Nazarkin
    Tehred I.Popovich Proofreader A, Obruchar
    Order 4730/59 Circulation 514Subscription
    VNIIPI USSR State Committee
    for inventions and discoveries 113035, Moscow, Zh-35, Raushsk nab., 4/5
    Production and printing company, Uzhgorod, ul, Proektna, 4
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    引用文献:
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    法律状态:
    优先权:
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    GB8117854|1981-06-10|
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